A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Calcarisporium sp.: Comprise a small proportion
of the fungal biota and may be more common in
northern forested or southeastern areas of the
united states. This organism in most closely related
to Sporothrix and Nodulisporium. (Spores do not
have distinctive morp hology and would be categorized
as “other colorless” on spore trap samples.)
Natural habitat includes other fungi (mushrooms
in the families Agaricaceae and Boletaceae) and
wood.
Candida sp.: Part of the normal flora of mouth
and other mucous membranes in the body. Thrush
and other diseases caused by candida albicans
usually occur after prolonged treatment with antibiotics
or steroids. The environment is not a likely source
of exposure for his fungus. Cells from the organism
are usually not airborne. Reported to be allergenic.
Cephaloascus sp.: (Spores do not have distinctive
morphology and would be categorized as “other
colorless” on spore trap samples.) Natural
habitat includes wood, insects, and fruit.
Ceratocystis/Ophiostoma group: Found on commercial
lumber, tree and plant pathogen. Disseminates
by wet spores and insects. Most homes built with
lumber have areas of growth on wood framing inside
walls. Some species may grow on specialized laboratory
media. Asexual forms grow on general fungal media.
Distinctive fruiting bodies with long necks are
identifiable on tape lifts.
Cercospora sp.: Parasite of higher plants, causing
leaf spot. Mode if dissemination: Dry spore, wind.
Common outdoors in agricultural areas, especially
during harvest. Not easily confused with other
spore types on spore trap sampling.
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Chaetomium sp.: contaminant. Large ascomycetous
fungus producing perithecia. It is found on a
variety of substrate containing cellulose including
paper and plant compost. It has been found on
paper in sheetrock. It is reported to be allergenic.
Can produce an Acremonium like state on fungal
media.
Choanephora sp.: Comprise a very small proportion
of the fungal biota and may be more common in
the southeastern areas of the United States. Some
taxonomists into Blakeslea place two species.
Natural habitats include soil and plants in tropical
and semitropical regions.
Chromelosporium sp.: Common in soil but now well
known. This genus is most closely related to Amphobotrys
and Botrytis. It is extremely common in greenhouses
growing on sterilized soil or vermiculite in pots
and flats. Spores have somewhat distinctive morphology.
Formerly called Ostracoderma.
Chrysonilia sp.: Common and may be more common
in the eastern and southeastern areas of the United
States. The genus is heterogeneous and is not
a natural grouping. It commonly grows on sterilized
soil in the greenhouse as well as bread (called
red bread mold). It has a very rapid growth rate
and can be a formidable problem as a contaminant
in the laboratory. A single case of human infection
was reported in 1961, which was as endophthalmitis
following cataract extraction. Spores are a form
of arthrospore but are large, variable in size,
and distinctive. Natural habitat is said to be
soil, according to some but not all references.
Formerly called Monilia sitophilia.
Chrysosporium sp.: Common and comprise a heterogeneous
group whose taxonomy has been widely debated.
This genus is keratinophilic and/or cellulytic
and is closely related to the dermatophytes, those
organisms infecting the skin. Geomyces is considered
by some to be a Chrysosporium species. Health
effects include rare reports of onychomycosis,
skin lesions, and endocarditis. May be identified
on surfaces by tape lifts, tease mounts from bulk
samples, and in the air by sulturable sampling.
Spores do not have distinctive morphology and
would be categorized as “other colorless”
on spore trap samples. Natural habitat includes
soil, dung, children’s sandboxes, seeds,
birds’ nests, and plant remains such as leaf
litter.
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Circinella sp.: Comprise a very small proportion
of the fungal biota and are most solely related
to Mucor. Spores do not have distinctive morphology
and would be categorized as “other colorless”
on spore trap samples. Recorded isolations are
from soil, dung, and nuts (especially Brazil nuts).
Cladosporium sp.: Contaminant. Non-pathogenic.
Found as a secondary invader of plants, food,
soil, paint, and textiles. Allergen.
Coelomycetes – Where found: Saprophytic
or parasitic on higher plants, other fungi, lichens,
and vertebrates. Conidial masses may be dry or
slimy. Spread by insects, water splash, and wind.
Affects Type I Allergies (hay fever and asthma).
Grows indoor on many substrates, including ceiling
tile and linoleum. May have little effect on the
indoor air because in many genera, air currents
do not readily disseminate the spores. These fungi
are sometimes referred to as “pycnidial formers”.
Spores often formed in sticky masses or exuded
in mucoid droplets. Most are not easily recognizable
on spore trap slides. A few are very distinctive.
Conidobolus: Can cause a chronic inflammatory
disease of the nasal mucosa.
Contaminant: Something that is present without
injuring or benefiting the host. They do not cause
infection.
Cunninghamella sp.: can cause disseminated and
pulmonary infections in immune compromised hosts.
Curvularia sp.: Contaminant. Opportunistic pathogen.
Found in air, soil, and textiles. Causes infections
in eyes and sinuses.
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